Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A multi-institutional exploratory research taskforce, named EXPLORE COVID-19, conducted a longitudinal analysis of immune responses of patients at various stages of COVID-19 severity. The goal of the study, which also included a team from Innate Pharma, was to gain translational insights to better understand the immune response in COVID-19 patients and identify potential targets to fight the viral infection. During this webinar, Dr. Remark will provide an overview of the study methodology. Thereafter, he will focus on the C5a-C5aR1 axis and explain its role in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. This was done by using several techniques, including multiplexed immunohistochemistry. Together, the data support C5a-C5aR1 axis blockade as a means of limiting myeloid cell infiltration in damaged organs and preventing the excessive lung inflammation and endothelialitis in COVID-19 patients. The results from this study were applied to an ongoing COVID-19 clinical trial.